Jaffa Market, late 1800s

Middle East and N. Africa By David D. Pearce

Jaffa, one of the oldest cities in the world, was the gateway to Ottoman Palestine in the late 1800s. Tel Aviv, of which Jaffa is now a suburb, had not yet been founded. This view looks over the main market square on the northeast corner of town. Ottoman government buildings rise in the background, upper left, and a Muslim cemetery glints green between the town and Mediterranean. The old city walls used to run along the left side of the main street that enters from lower left, but they were torn down in the 1870s to allow for expansion. At the time of this scene, in the late 1800s, Jaffa was the gateway to the Holy Land for a growing number of Christian and Jewish visitors. Arriving by sea to the town's small port, travelers would convoy overland 33 miles to Jerusalem. At this marketplace, roads converged from Nablus in the northeast, Jerusalem to the southeast, and Gaza and Egypt to the southwest. In 1867, an American visitor to Jaffa put the town's population at about 5,000, "1,000 of them being Christian, 800 Jews, and the rest Moslems". By 1900, the population exceeded 20,000, fueled by the commerce that came with the increased arrivals.

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